• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A control assembly of an electromagnet actuator comprising, a high-side switch and a low-side switch, a sensor for determining an intensity of the current flowing in the actuator, a closed-loop control system, for controlling the current passing into the actuator, wherein the intensity of the current is controlled according to the intensity of the current measured by the sensor, a circuit responsive to a sensor signal and configured to set a duration of a lock phase.
    公开号:FR3025652A1
    申请号:FR1501881
    申请日:2015-09-10
    公开日:2016-03-11
    发明作者:Dirk Etzler
    申请人:Continental Automotive Systems Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING AN ELECTRO-MAGNETIC ACTUATOR DESCRIPTION REPORT TO RELATED APPLICATION This application claims the priority of the provisional application in the United States of America number 62/048446 filed on September 10, 2014.
    [0002] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention: The invention is in the field of automotive technology. More specifically, the invention relates to a method and device for controlling electromagnet actuators, which are used to operate injection valves, intake valves and the like. The invention is particularly directed to current-based electromagnet actuator control systems, in which the actuators are controlled by controlling the current profile. Solenoid actuators for (direct) injection valves or intake valves operate by controlling a current according to a specified current profile in its coil (eg an inductive load). By way of example, Figure 1 shows a typical current profile constructed from different sequential phases during which different levels of current are applied. The exemplary sequence shows the Preload, Peak, Hold 0 and Hold 1 phases. It goes without saying that the illustrated sequence as well as the 2 phase names are chosen arbitrarily and may vary from application to application. It is necessary to precisely control the current levels set in advance to ensure the intended performance of the hydraulic system.
    [0003] One way of controlling the current during a given phase is to use a simple closed circuit current control method, switching between a high point of attachment and a low point of current fixation. In a corresponding electrical configuration illustrated in FIG. 2, the coil nodes are connected to a switch (24) on the high side and a switch (25) on the low side. In this arrangement, the high side switch is used to control the current in the naked coil by closing when the current in the coil is below the low point of attachment and opening when the current in the coil is higher than the high point of fixation. The necessary information regarding the current in the coil is obtained by a shunt (26) between the switch (25) of the low side and GND earth, which serves as a current sensor. Having the shunt resistance connected to GND in this way gives certain advantages concerning the implementation of the current sense amplifier, as well as with regard to the reading accuracy that can be obtained in a practical manner (for example not "Floating" current measurement device having high common mode rejection current requirements, thereby having a simpler design and better performance). But in the illustrated arrangement, the disadvantage is that the switch (25) of the low side must be closed so that the current in the shunt resistor is equal to the current in the coil. However, for a typical current profile, this can not be ensured all the time. Three so-called "locking" phases (CLAMPO, CLAMP1, CLAMP2) are shown in FIG. 1, during which very rapid decay of the current is necessary. This rapid decay of the current is obtained by opening the high side switch and the low side switch at the same time, applying a reverse DC / DC voltage (e.g. VDC) voltage to the coil. Due to the fact that the low-side switch (25) is open, no information about the current in the coil is available during these locking phases (see the current path during a locking phase in FIG. ). Therefore, the duration of the locking phase can be based only on a phase duration fixed in advance. However, since the electrical parameters of the coil in terms of resistance and inductance variation as a function of time and also as a function of temperature have a direct impact on the rate of decrease of the current, a fixed duration set in advance. the lock phase can give gaps to the desired current profile. These defective states are illustrated in FIG. 4A, where the lock duration is too short to reach the correct decay of the current, and in FIG. 4B where the lock time is too long, and it is below the desired current. Other factors that influence the behavior of the current by the lockout phase are the DC / DC converter voltage or the hydraulic rail pressure of the injection system. The "below" shown in FIG. 4B may, in particular, cause the injector to close, which is why this situation must be prevented in all cases. In order to prevent the deviations shown in the desired current profile, the lock time is not a fixed value set in advance, but a function of several parameters which must be obtained using empirical methods or which require many measures. The solutions of the prior art are characterized by the use of a look up table having empirical values of lock phase duration, which depend on a present temperature, a rail pressure, etc. These feature tables or look-up tables are rather complicated and their integration into control systems requires considerable system resources. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is accordingly an object of the invention to provide a method and apparatus for controlling an electromagnet actuator that overcomes the disadvantages of devices known hitherto of this general type. and which provides an elegant and inexpensive solution to the above problems. It is a particularly desirable object of the invention to provide a look-up table to replace the prior art table with a simpler and smaller table in that it contains only appropriate starting values for the duration. of the lock phase (for example, only a limited set of ambient conditions is required). Having seen the above and other objects, there is provided according to the invention a method of controlling an electromagnet actuator, the method comprising: sending a voltage signal to the actuator and passing an electric current in the actuator, the current having different current intensities for each other during phases temporally offset from the operation of the actuator; selectively operating the actuator during a plurality of closed circuit current control phases, during which the current is held in a given target window defined between a low current setting point and a high current setting point, the current in the actuator being measured and the voltage signal set so that the current remains in the given target window; selectively operating the actuator in a locking phase between two closed circuit current control phases, during which phase the current in the actuator is decreased by applying an inverted voltage signal to the actuator for a period of time lock given; measuring the current in the actuator immediately after the lockout phase to determine if the current is below or beyond the next closed loop current control phase and to create a redefined lockdown time for one cycle immediately following by any of the following: if the current intensity is below the lower target current setting point of the target window, decreasing the given lock time by a defined time unit or if the intensity of the current is beyond the upper target current setting point of the target window, increasing the given lock time by a defined time unit or if the intensity of the current measured immediately following the locking phase is in the target window, retaining the lock time given as redefined locking time and operating the actuator in the immediate activation cycle following the lock time 5 redefined. Using the current information in the coil immediately after the lockout phase (i.e., when the down-side switch is closed one more time) and setting the time set in advance of the lock phase, automatically for the next activation, the invention eliminates the need to have to establish and implement an empirical model of the duration of the lock phase.
    [0004] The invention is based on the assumption that the secondary conditions (eg temperature, service life, rail pressure, etc.), which give a variation of the current decay during the lockout phase, do not change rapidly. one activation to the next. Thus, with a given set point of the duration of the lock phase, the current profile only slowly departs from the target waveform. According to a further feature of the invention, the definitive amount of time is defined as the smallest amount of time available by time resolution of an actuator control system and selectively increasing or decreasing the amount of time. given a single, smallest amount of time to create the redefined lock time.
    [0005] According to a further feature of the invention, in addition to determining one below or beyond, a quantity of deviation of the current signal from the respective signal of the fixing point is measured and the duration of the locking is established. redefined by selectively increasing or decreasing the amount of time given by an amount that is proportional to the deviation. According to another characteristic of the invention, the actuator is controlled during the closed-loop current control phases by applying to the actuator a pulse width modulated voltage signal. With the above objects in view, a high side switch arrangement 10 is provided according to the invention for setting an actuator to a positive potential of a voltage supply and a low side switch to turn the actuator on. actuator at ground potential; wherein, when the high-side switch and the low-side switch are closed, an electric current flows through the actuator of the positive voltage potential to the ground potential; a sensor for determining an intensity of electric current flowing in the actuator; a closed circuit control system for controlling the current flowing in the actuator during closed circuit current control phases in a closed circuit control scheme in which the intensity of the current is controlled according to the intensity the current measured by the sensor; A lock command for decreasing the current flowing in the actuator during a lockout phase, during which the high side switch and the low side switch are open and an electric current flows into the actuator with a negative voltage At the terminals of the load and a signal responsive circuit of the sensor is configured to set a duration of a lock phase if a signal from the sensor indicates that the magnitude of the electrical current flowing in the actuator as a result of Immediate lock phase is outside of a target window determined in advance. According to another characteristic of the invention, the circuit is an integration circuit configured to adjust the duration, by adding or subtracting a unit of time defined for each setting of the duration of the lock phase. According to yet another feature of the invention, the circuit is an integral proportional circuit configured to add or subtract a proportional amount of time to a measured sensor offset for each adjustment of the duration of the lock phase. Again according to an additional feature of the invention, the circuit is configured to create a redefined lock time for an immediately following lockout phase by one of the following: if the current intensity measured by the sensor is below the lower target current setting point of the target window, decreasing the given lock time by a defined time unit or if the current intensity measured by the sensor is beyond the upper current setting point. in the target window, increase the given lock time by a defined time unit or if the intensity of the current measured immediately following the lock phase is in the target window, retain the given lock duration as a redefined lock time.
    [0006] According to a concomitant characteristic of the invention, the current sensor is a shunt resistor mounted between the low-side switch and the earth potential.
    [0007] The general concept is to control the current in the coil immediately after the lock phase when the down-side switch is closed (ie when the current in the shunt resistor reflects once again). the current in the coil) and use this information to correct / adjust the duration of the lock phase during the next activation automatically. If the value of the current in the coil is larger than the high point of current fixation, the duration of the lock phase must be increased. On the other hand, if the value of the current in the coil is smaller than the low point of current fixation, the duration of the locking phase is accordingly reduced. In the next activation, the current flowing in the coil must be between the low point and the high point of current fixation after phase locking. Otherwise, we correct / adjust the point of fixing the duration until the current comes in the target window.
    [0008] In a simple embodiment of the inventive concept, the deviation of the current in the coil is classified into any one of the following three classes. The current in the coil is: (i) smaller than the low point of current fixation 25 or (ii) larger than the high point of current fixation or (iii) between the low and high points of current fixation.
    [0009] On the basis of the result, the locking time setting point is (i) decreased by one time resolution step or (ii) increased by a time resolution step or 3025652 10 (iii) ) kept constant. In its operating principle, this is comparable to an analog / digital converter with successive approximations.
    [0010] In a more sophisticated embodiment, the actual deviation between the current binding point being targeted and the current measured in the coil is used to adjust the duration of the locking phase by a certain amount (eg a multiple of the smallest unit of time in the given time resolution). In general, this allows for a faster response to deviations, but the arrangement is more difficult to configure with respect to the stability of the closed-loop control. A corresponding correction algorithm can be implemented in a readily available ASIC, which is used to create the current profile on the basis of set points by the user of current levels and timing. Other features that are considered to be characteristic of the invention will become apparent below. Although the invention is illustrated and described herein as embodied in a current control for an electromagnet actuator, it is not intended to limit it to the details shown, since various modifications may be made thereto. and structural changes without departing from the spirit of the invention and remaining within the scope and equivalents of the invention. The construction and method of the invention will, however, together with its further objects and advantages, be better understood by the following description of specific embodiments in connection with the accompanying drawings.
    [0011] FIG. 1 is a signal / time diagram illustrating a typical current profile for an electromagnet actuator; Fig. 2 is a simplified circuit diagram showing the current path in the actuator electromagnet during PWM phases; Fig. 3 is a similar diagram showing the current during a lockout phase; Fig. 4A is a signal diagram showing a current when the duration of the lock phase is too short; Fig. 4B is a signal diagram showing current when the duration of the lock phase is too long; Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a circuit according to the invention; Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of another improvement of the embodiment of the circuit of Fig. 5; and Fig. 7 is a block diagram of a modification of the circuit of Fig. 6 illustrating the correction principle. and setting in generalized terms.
    [0012] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Referring now to the figures of the drawing in detail, and first, in particular, in FIG. 1, there is shown a diagram illustrating an exemplary current profile for an electromagnet injector. The profile is subdivided temporally into several different phases. In the illustrated embodiment, they include Pre-charge, Peak, Clamp °, HoldO, Clampl, Hold1 and Clamp2. The sequence and names are arbitrarily chosen and may vary from application to application. The phases differ in the current level, the timing and the mode of operation. The activation or activation cycle is controlled by a control CTRL signal, which takes a low L level or a high H level. The activation cycle is controlled accordingly, as illustrated in FIG. 1, by controlling the voltage 21 of the actuator. The voltage 21 of the actuator is shown at the bottom of the graph. Phases 11 (Pre-charge), 12 (Peak), 13 (HoldO) and 14 (Hold1) are current-controlled phases. Phases 11, 12, 13 and 14 are "current regulated phases" or "closed loop controlled phases". They are defined by a high level and a low level of current, as well as by a duration. During the current regulated phase, the actuator current 21 in the coil is maintained between the low and high current levels (IPHASE (min), IPHASE (max)) using the closed circuit control scheme. In these cases, information regarding the current flowing in the coil is required. The following table contains exemplary parameters for the four phases 11, 12, 13 and 14: 5 Pre-Charge Peak HoldO Holdl Actuator Current I pCH = I pEAK = I HOLDO = I HOLM_ = 1 ... 2.2A 10 ...
    [0013] 15A 0 ... 8,7A 0 ... 4,7A Time TPCH = t pEAK = THOLDO - T HOLM = 0 ... 2 ms 0 ... 0.6 ms 0 ... 0.6 ms 0. .. 25 ms The current control scheme is characterized by the PWM voltage control signal. The current intensity during the Pre-charge and Hold phases is adjusted by means of the actuator voltage utilization factor. The intermediate phases 15 and 16 (CLAMPO, CLAMP1) and phase 17 (CLAMP2) are OFF phases in time. They are defined by a duration only. Since current information is not available (i.e., the downside switch 25 is open), the current can not be controlled by closed circuit control during these phases. By way of example, the CLAMPO and CLAMP1 latch phases can last for a duration tcLo = tcLl = 0 to 40 However, due to various factors as mentioned above, the duration of these phases of lock at a fixed value. The setting of the lock duration according to the invention will become clear in the following. Figure 2 illustrates a typical electrical mounting of a high-side switch 24, a low-side switch 25, a shunt resistor 26 which also serves as a current sensor. The circuit controls an electromagnet injector (INJ) in an electromagnet control application for direct injection. The injector is controlled by an electromagnet actuator 27 which, in terms of circuitry, comprises an inductor 28 and a resistor 29. The current information of the actuator in these situations is available as the terminal voltage. shunt resistance in the low side path. In this case, operation controlled by the current is possible.
    [0014] Figure 2 shows a current path that is obtained when the high-side switch 24 is closed. The current path 31 belongs to the case where the switch 24 on the high side is open. In either case, the current flows through the low side switch and the shunt resistor 26. In these cases, the shunt resistor 26 is able to read the intensity of the current and to supply the information corresponding to the control system so as to enable the control of the current in a closed circuit. Diodes 33 and 34 additionally mounted 20 allow uninterrupted flow of current in the inductive load when the switch 24 on the high side and / or the switch 25 on the low side are open. Figure 3 shows the same circuit arrangement and illustrates a current path 32 during a lockout phase. In this case, the switch 24 on the high side and the switch 25 on the low side are open. The current flowing in the shunt resistor 26 is thus equal to zero. The shunt resistor is not able to provide current reading information to the control system. Therefore, only time-controlled operation is possible. FIGS. 4A and 4B are graphs illustrating the Inu current of the injector as a function of time t. The sawtooth signal illustrates the correct lock time tCLAMp. This means that, if the system is locked for the correct amount of time between phases 13 and 14, the current will decrease properly to the expected 5 I HOLD current (min) before going back to Iwnin (im) during the phase. holding HOLD1. But if the lock time is too short, the current 21 will not decrease properly in the expected time frame. This is illustrated in Figure 4A. The signal 22 is the result of an abbreviated lock duration and is considered an unacceptable deviation of the current in the coil to the target current profile. This situation is referred to as an afterlife. This means that at the end of the locking phase, the current 22 in the coil is always larger than the point I HOLDn (max) high current setting for the next holding phase. The duration of the previous locking phase is too short to allow the current in the coil to decrease below the high point of fixing the current that is targeted. This sounds on some components in terms of power loss. Figure 4B illustrates the situation below. At the end of the locking phase, the current 23 in the coil is already smaller than the low point of current fixation for the next holding phase. The duration of the previous lock phase is too long to maintain the current in the coil above the current set point IHOLDn (min) of the current being targeted. This affects the performance of the hydraulic system (eg the injector could be closed). The below should be avoided especially. Referring now to FIG. 5, there is shown a simple block diagram of an equivalent circuit, in which the correction / regulation concept 3025652 16 according to the invention is illustrated. This is achieved by a current discriminator and the generation of a time lag of the lock phase. The problem initially is that the current information in the coil is not available all the time to allow the closed loop control scheme to be executed in a continuous manner. One solution to the problem is to place the current reading device (eg the shunt resistor) directly in the charging path. The correct information of the current in the coil is then available at any given moment even if the switch on the bottom side is open. But this triggers the appearance of a "floating" current reading which must be implemented with great precision. The impact on implementation costs, for example, is considerable. It is also possible to place shunt resistances in such a way that the current in the coil can be reconstructed from the current information elements that are obtained. Depending on which component is conducting, the current in the coil is reconstructed from the corresponding current element. Although this solution bypasses the problem of not having the available power all the time, it requires a considerable number of additional components. The impact on component costs and the PCB space required is again considerable. The invention provides an elegant solution to these difficulties. Additional shunt resistors and additional power components are not required, and therefore there is no impact on the cost of implementing power components. Referring now to FIGS. 5, 6 and 7, the new solution can be implemented in a digital domain (eg VHDL code) of already existing control ASIC. Given today's ASIC and grid density for these ASICs, the impact on costs is quite negligible.
    [0015] Figure 5 illustrates the most general case of the invention. The system has an integral path and a proportional path. The deviation to the target window is also measured in value. If a gap is determined, the lock time is matched by an integral part (op-amp K1) and also by a proportional part (op-amp kp). The lock duration is set until the current in the actuator comes into the target window. Compared to the relatively simple integration of Figure 6, illustrated below, the solution of Figure 5 provides a faster adaptation of the lockout time. The invention is based on the concept that current information is available immediately after the lockout phase as soon as the other current-controlled phase begins. The target window deviation (IHoLD (min) - IHOLDn (max)) is used to set the lockout time in the next activation cycle (for example, CLAMPOn -> CLAMPOn + i) - depending on whether the signal is measured below the target window or above the target window, the lock duration is increased or decreased by one time unit (+1, -1) in an integration stage. If the signal is in the window, the lock duration is not changed (0). The setting of the circuit of Fig. 6 is a gradual setting, since the lock duration is set by a single quantum of time (the smallest unit of time depending on the resolution) at a time. The solution is preferred when one has parameters changing relatively slowly.
    [0016] FIG. 7 is a functional diagram illustrating the correction principle according to the invention in an implementation derived from the functional circuit of FIG. 6.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. A method of controlling an electromagnet actuator, the method comprising: sending a voltage signal to the actuator and passing an electric current through the actuator, the current having different current intensities from each other during offset phases temporally the operation of the actuator; selectively operating the actuator during a plurality of closed-loop current control phases during which the current is maintained in a given target window defined between a low current setting point and a high current setting point, the current in the actuator being measured and the voltage signal set so that the current remains in the given target window; selectively operating the actuator in a locking phase between two closed circuit current control phases, during which phase the current in the actuator is reduced by applying an inverted voltage signal to the actuator for a period of time; lock given; measuring the current in the actuator immediately after the lockout phase to determine whether the current is below or beyond the next closed loop current control phase and creating a re-defined lockdown time for a cycle Immediately following activation by one of the following: if the current intensity is below the lower target current setting point of the target window, decreasing the given lock time by a defined time unit or if the intensity of the current is beyond the upper target current setting point of the target window, increasing the given lock time by a defined time unit or if the intensity of the current measured immediately following the locking phase is in the target window, retaining the given lock duration as a redefined lock time and operating the actuator in the immediate activation cycle next to the redefined lock time. 15
    [0002]
    The method of claim 1 which comprises defining the final amount of time as the smallest amount of time available by time resolution of an actuator control system and selectively increasing or decreasing the amount of time given by a single, smallest amount of time to create the redefined lock time.
    [0003]
    The method of claim 1, which comprises, in addition to determining one below or one beyond, measuring a quantity of deviation of the current signal from the respective signal of the point of attachment and, in the step of creating the redefined lock time selectively increases or decreases the amount of time given by an amount that is proportional to the deviation.
    [0004]
    The method of claim 1 which comprises controlling the actuator during the closed loop current control phases by applying to the actuator a pulse width variable modulated (PWM) voltage signal.
    [0005]
    A control assembly of an electromagnet actuator comprising a high side switch for placing an actuator at a positive potential of a voltage supply and a low side switch for setting the actuator to ground potential; Wherein, when the high-side switch and the low-side switch are closed, an electric current flows into the actuator of the positive voltage potential at the ground potential; a sensor for determining an intensity of the electrical current flowing in the actuator; a closed circuit control system for controlling the current flowing in the actuator during closed circuit current control phases in a closed circuit control scheme, wherein the current intensity is controlled according to the intensity of the current measured by the sensor; a lock command for decreasing the current flowing in the actuator during a lockout phase, during which the high side switch and the low side switch are open and an electric current flows into the actuator with a negative voltage at the terminals of the load and a circuit sensitive to a sensor signal and configured to set a duration of a lock phase if a signal from the sensor indicates that the intensity of the electric current passing through the actuator immediately following a lock phase is outside a target window determined in advance. 3025652 22
    [0006]
    The arrangement of claim 5, wherein the circuit is an integration circuit configured to adjust the duration, by adding or subtracting a time unit defined for each setting of the duration of the lock phase.
    [0007]
    7. An arrangement as claimed in claim 5, wherein the circuit is an integral proportional circuit configured to add or subtract a proportional amount of time to a distance measured by the sensor for each adjustment of the duration of the lock phase.
    [0008]
    The arrangement of claim 5, wherein the circuit is configured to create a re-defined latch duration for an immediately following latch phase by one of the following: if the current intensity measured by the sensor is in below the target window's lower current setting point, decreasing the given lockout time by a defined time unit or if the intensity of the current measured by the sensor is beyond the upper point of the current's current setting. the target window, increasing the given lock time by a defined time unit, or if the intensity of the current measured immediately following the lock phase is in the target window, retaining the given lock time as Locking time redefined. 30
    [0009]
    The arrangement of claim 5, wherein the current sensor is a shunt resistor mounted between the low-side switch and the ground potential.
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    CN108933061B|2017-05-18|2019-09-20|南京梅山冶金发展有限公司|Explosive trolley delivery pipe control device and control method|
    法律状态:
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    2020-08-28| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20200828 |
    2020-09-14| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-09-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US201462048446P| true| 2014-09-10|2014-09-10|
    US14/833,995|US9777864B2|2014-09-10|2015-08-24|Method and device for controlling a solenoid actuator|
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